Lecture 11:- Escape Sequences in Java

In Java, escape sequences are special characters that are used to represent non-printable and special characters within a string. When you want to include characters that cannot be easily typed or have special meanings, you use escape sequences to represent them.

Escape sequences start with a backslash \ followed by a specific character. Here are some commonly used escape sequences in Java:

1. \n: Newline - Inserts a new line at the specified position.
2. \t: Tab - Inserts a horizontal tab at the specified position.
3. \\: Backslash - Inserts a backslash character.
4. \": Double Quote - Inserts a double quote within a string.
5. \': Single Quote - Inserts a single quote within a character literal.
6. \r: Carriage Return - Moves the cursor to the beginning of the line.
7. \b: Backspace - Moves the cursor back one character (not commonly used in modern applications).
8. \f: Form Feed - Advances the cursor to the next page or form.
9. \uXXXX: Unicode Escape - Represents a Unicode character specified by the four hexadecimal digits (XXXX).

Here are some examples of using escape sequences in Java:

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public class EscapeSequenceExample {    public static void main(String[] args) {        // Newline        System.out.println("Hello,\nWorld!");        // Tab        System.out.println("Name\tAge");        // Backslash        System.out.println("C:\\Users\\username\\Desktop");        // Double Quote        System.out.println("He said, \"Hello!\"");        // Single Quote        char letter = '\'';        System.out.println("This is a " + letter);        // Carriage Return        System.out.println("Hello\rWorld");        // Form Feed        System.out.println("Page 1\fPage 2");        // Unicode Escape        System.out.println("\u00A9 All rights reserved.");    } }

Output:

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Hello, World! Name    Age C:\Users\username\Desktop He said, "Hello!" This is a ' Hello World Page 1      Page 2 © All rights reserved.

Escape sequences help in representing special characters and formatting text in various Java applications, especially when working with strings and character literals.