Lecture 6:- Functions

Let's go through an example of defining and using functions in C++.

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#include <iostream> using namespace std; // Function declaration int add(int a, int b); int main() { int x = 5, y = 3; // Function call int result = add(x, y); cout << "The sum of " << x << " and " << y << " is: " << result << endl; return 0; } // Function definition int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }

In this example:

We start by including the necessary header file (<iostream>) for input and output operations.

We declare the function add by specifying its return type (int) and parameter types (int a, int b) in the function declaration.

Inside the main function, we declare two integers x and y, and then call the add function with these values. The result is stored in the result variable.

We then use the cout statement to print out the result of the addition.

After the main function, we define the add function. The function takes two integer parameters (a and b) and returns their sum.

When you run this program, it will output:

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The sum of 5 and 3 is: 8

This demonstrates the basic structure of defining and using functions in C++. Functions can be more complex and can have different parameter types, return types, and logic, depending on the problem you are solving.