Operator Precedence & Associativity In C Language

In C, operator precedence and associativity determine the order in which operations are performed in expressions. Operator precedence determines the order in which operations are performed within an expression, with higher precedence operators being evaluated before lower precedence operators. Operator associativity determines the order in which operations with the same precedence are performed.

Here is the list of operator precedence in C (highest to lowest):

1. ::
2. () [] -> .
3. ! ~ ++ -- (type) * & sizeof
4.  
   • / %
5.  
   •  
     •  
6. ​1

Malformed citation << >>

1. ​
2. < <= > >=
3. == !=
4. &
5. ^
6. |
7. &&
8. ||
9. ?:
10. = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= ​2

Malformed citation <<= >>

1. ​=
2. ,

Operator Associativity in C:

1. Left to right for most of the operator except few like
2. Right to left for assignment operator (=)
3. Right to left for ternary operator (?:)
4. Left to right for the comma operator (,)

When an expression contains multiple operators with different precedence or associativity, the expression is evaluated according to the rules of operator precedence and associativity. For example, in the expression 2 + 3 * 4, the multiplication operation (3 * 4) is performed first because it has higher precedence than the addition operator (+).

It's worth mentioning that the parentheses can be used to change the order of evaluation in expressions, and force the evaluation of a specific part of an expression before others, regardless of their precedence or associativity.