Lecture 153:- Menu Driven Program for Matrices using Functions

Here's a menu-driven program for matrices using functions in C++. The program allows users to perform various operations on matrices like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and transposition. The matrix operations are implemented as separate functions for better organization and readability.

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#include <iostream> #include <vector> // Function to read a matrix from user input void readMatrix(std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix) {    int rows = matrix.size();    int cols = matrix[0].size();    std::cout << "Enter elements of the matrix:" << std::endl;    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {            std::cin >> matrix[i][j];        }    } } // Function to display a matrix void displayMatrix(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix) {    int rows = matrix.size();    int cols = matrix[0].size();    std::cout << "Matrix:" << std::endl;    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {            std::cout << matrix[i][j] << " ";        }        std::cout << std::endl;    } } // Function to add two matrices std::vector<std::vector<int>> addMatrices(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix1, const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix2) {    int rows = matrix1.size();    int cols = matrix1[0].size();    std::vector<std::vector<int>> result(rows, std::vector<int>(cols, 0));    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {            result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] + matrix2[i][j];        }    }    return result; } // Function to subtract two matrices std::vector<std::vector<int>> subtractMatrices(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix1, const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix2) {    int rows = matrix1.size();    int cols = matrix1[0].size();    std::vector<std::vector<int>> result(rows, std::vector<int>(cols, 0));    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {            result[i][j] = matrix1[i][j] - matrix2[i][j];        }    }    return result; } // Function to multiply two matrices std::vector<std::vector<int>> multiplyMatrices(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix1, const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix2) {    int rows1 = matrix1.size();    int cols1 = matrix1[0].size();    int cols2 = matrix2[0].size();    std::vector<std::vector<int>> result(rows1, std::vector<int>(cols2, 0));    for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {        for (int j = 0; j < cols2; j++) {            for (int k = 0; k < cols1; k++) {                result[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];            }        }    }    return result; } // Function to transpose a matrix std::vector<std::vector<int>> transposeMatrix(const std::vector<std::vector<int>>& matrix) {    int rows = matrix.size();    int cols = matrix[0].size();    std::vector<std::vector<int>> result(cols, std::vector<int>(rows, 0));    for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++) {        for (int j = 0; j < cols; j++) {            result[j][i] = matrix[i][j];        }    }    return result; } int main() {    int rows, cols;    std::cout << "Enter the number of rows and columns for the matrices: ";    std::cin >> rows >> cols;    std::vector<std::vector<int>> matrixA(rows, std::vector<int>(cols, 0));    std::vector<std::vector<int>> matrixB(rows, std::vector<int>(cols, 0));    std::cout << "Enter elements for Matrix A:" << std::endl;    readMatrix(matrixA);    std::cout << "Enter elements for Matrix B:" << std::endl;    readMatrix(matrixB);    int choice;    do {        std::cout << "\n----- Menu -----" << std::endl;        std::cout << "1. Display Matrix A" << std::endl;        std::cout << "2. Display Matrix B" << std::endl;        std::cout << "3. Add Matrices A and B" << std::endl;        std::cout << "4. Subtract Matrices B from A" << std::endl;        std::cout << "5. Multiply Matrices A and B" << std::endl;        std::cout << "6. Transpose Matrix A" << std::endl;        std::cout << "7. Transpose Matrix B" << std::endl;        std::cout << "0. Exit" << std::endl;        std::cout << "Enter your choice: ";        std::cin >> choice;        switch (choice) {            case 1:                displayMatrix(matrixA);                break;            case 2:                displayMatrix(matrixB);                break;            case 3:                try {                    displayMatrix(addMatrices(matrixA, matrixB));                } catch (const std::invalid_argument& e) {                    std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;                }                break;            case 4:                try {                    displayMatrix(subtractMatrices(matrixA, matrixB));                } catch (const std::invalid_argument& e) {                    std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;                }                break;            case 5:                try {                    displayMatrix(multiplyMatrices(matrixA, matrixB));                } catch (const std::invalid_argument& e) {                    std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;                }                break;            case 6:                displayMatrix(transposeMatrix(matrixA));                break;            case 7:                displayMatrix(transposeMatrix(matrixB));                break;            case 0:                std::cout << "Exiting the program. Goodbye!" << std::endl;                break;            default:                std::cout << "Invalid choice. Please try again." << std::endl;        }    } while (choice != 0);    return 0; }

This program follows the same logic as the previous one, but this time, matrix operations are implemented as separate functions to improve code readability and maintainability. The readMatrix, displayMatrix, addMatrices, subtractMatrices, multiplyMatrices, and transposeMatrix functions are defined to handle various matrix operations. The main function presents the user with a menu, allowing them to choose the desired operation. The program will continue to execute the chosen operation until the user decides to exit.