Lecture 128:-   Static Keyword In Class

The static keyword in the context of classes is used to define a member (attribute or method) that belongs to the class itself, rather than to instances (objects) of the class. In some languages, like C++ and Java, the static keyword is used to create static members within a class. These static members are shared among all instances of the class and can also be accessed without creating an instance of the class.

Here's how the static keyword works in the context of classes:

Static Attributes: A static attribute is shared among all instances of the class. It is accessed using the class name rather than an instance.

pythonCopy code

class MyClass: static_var = 0 # Static attribute def __init__(self): MyClass.static_var += 1 obj1 = MyClass() obj2 = MyClass() print(MyClass.static_var) # Output: 2

Static Methods: A static method is a method that belongs to the class itself and doesn't operate on instances. It's defined using the @staticmethod decorator in Python.

pythonCopy code

class MathUtils: @staticmethod def add(a, b): return a + b result = MathUtils.add(5, 3) print(result) # Output: 8

Static methods are often used for utility functions that don't need to access or modify instance-specific data.

Static in Different Languages: In some other programming languages, like C++ and Java, the static keyword is used similarly, but with some differences in syntax and behavior. For example, in C++, static members must be explicitly defined outside the class declaration, while in Java, they are defined within the class like in the Python examples above.

Please note that Python's approach to static attributes and methods is slightly different from other languages due to its dynamic nature. In Python, you can also access static attributes and methods through an instance, but it's generally considered a better practice to access them using the class name to make the intention clearer.

In summary, the static keyword in the context of classes is used to define members that are associated with the class itself rather than individual instances. They can be accessed and modified without creating an instance of the class, and they are shared among all instances of the class.